(Updated Guide) Weighted GPA Calculator

(Refreshed Guide) Weighted GPA Calculator SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In all likelihood, during secondary school you've taken a blend of classes: a few distinctions, some norm, and some APs. The weighted GPA mirrors that those classes have distinctive trouble levels. So what's the most effortless approach to make sense of what your weighted GPA is? We have two extraordinary techniques to figure it! What Is a Weighted GPA? Your GPA, or evaluation point normal, is a route for schools to rapidly observe a strong, synopsis marker of your knowledge, hard working attitude, eagerness to challenge yourself, and aptitudes. A weighted GPA grandstands the difficult work and challenge of your secondary school profession by reflecting whether the classes you took were standard level, respects level, or AP/IB level. It does this by including .5 to each respect class GPA change decimal and adding 1 to each AP class transformation decimal, making a scale that goes from 0.0 to 5.0. Thus, for instance, envision Diane gets An in AP French and Sven gets An in standard level Geography. A weighted GPA would perceive that the AP class was in all likelihood harder, so Diane’s A would get 5.0, while Sven's An eventual 4.0. Here is a table that clarifies how this normally functions in more detail: Letter Grade Percentile Standard GPA Respects GPA AP/IB GPA A+ 97-100 4.0 4.5 5.0 A 93-96 4.0 4.5 5.0 A- 90-92 3.7 4.2 4.7 B+ 87-89 3.3 3.8 4.3 B 83-86 3.0 3.5 4.0 B- 80-82 2.7 3.2 3.7 C+ 77-79 2.3 2.8 3.3 C 73-76 2.0 2.5 3.0 C- 70-72 1.7 2.2 2.7 D+ 67-69 1.3 1.8 2.3 D 65-66 1.0 1.5 2.0 F Underneath 65 0.0 0.0 0.0 How Do You Calculate Your Weighted GPA? There are two distinct approaches to figure your weighted GPA. Class-by-class strategy This strategy experiences every one of the classes that you've taken, individually: #1: First, convert all the last class grades you’ve gotten, monitoring whether the course was respects level, AP level, or standard. #2: Next, include these changed over decimals†this is your entirety. #3: Then, tally the all out number of classes you have taken. #4: Finally, partition the aggregate by the quantity of classes and round to the closest tenth-this is your weighted GPA. Professional tip: you can't just include every individual year's GPAs together and separate by 4 since you may have taken an alternate number of classes every year. Arranged classes alternate route technique In the event that you've just done an unweighted GPA count, at that point this technique is for you: #1: First, check independently the quantity of standard classes, praises classes, andAP classes that you've taken. #2: Next, include yourunweighted changed over gradesum+(.5*number of respects classes) + number of AP classes. This is your weighted entirety. #3: Finally, separate the weighted entirety by the all out number of classes you've taken. Step Calculation We should gothrough a case of how this functions practically speaking bycalculating the weighted GPA of spymaster aliasJane Doe. We will be ascertaining the GPA Jane submits on her school applications, so we will leave off her senior year grades. Note that on hertranscript, classes set apart with a â€Å"+† are praises classes, and those set apart with a â€Å"a† are AP classes. First let’s convert her evaluations. I will change over them into weighted and unweighted group so you can see the distinction: ninth grade tenth grade th grade Unweight. Weight. Unweight. Weight. Unweight. Weight. 3.0 4.0 3.3 3.8 3.3 4.3 3.7 3.7 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.8 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.8 4.0 5.0 3.3 3.8 3.7 4.7 4.0 5.0 All out 17.0 18.5 17.3 19.3 18.6 22.1 Praises classes 2 2 1 AP classes 0 1 3 All out number of classes 6 6 6 Kid, Jane truly ventured up her game junior year! Pleasantly done. Class-by-class strategy: Total of weighted scores=59.4 Number of classes taken = 15 Jane'sweighted GPA =59.4/15 = 4.0 Arranged classes strategy: Total of unweighted scores = 52.9 Number of respects classes = 5 Number of AP classes = 4 Number of classes taken = 15 Weighted total = 52.9 + (.5 * 5) + 4 = 59.4 Jane's weighted GPA = 59.4/15 = 4.0 What’s Next? Since you've experienced our weighted GPA number cruncher, check whether Jane was on the whole correct to go hard and fast scholastically junior year by realizing which year of secondary school is the most significant for your school applications. Let us assist you with making sense of the advantages and disadvantages of weighted and unweighted GPAs with our exhaustive clarification. Investigate what a fortunate or unfortunate GPA score is, and how you contrast with the normal secondary school understudy. Get the scoop on whether universities utilize weighted or unweighted GPAs while evaluating your application. Need to improve your SAT score by 160 or your ACT score by 4? We've composed a guide for each test about the best 5 methodologies you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point:

Media Literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Media Literacy - Essay Example The symbolism of the video is somewhat provocative, however it isn’t denied of stylish worth and adherence to structure standards. The absolute first visual component to be referenced is an exceptional shading plan including no too splendid or light tones, with the general air of the video being somewhat dismal. The portrayed setting is the bar †or even a house of ill-repute †facilitating rather unusual and excessive characters: a cardinal in a red robe, a cleric, whores, artists playing live, a few strangely dressed ladies, an alleged heathen lashing himself with a whip and a homeless person outside the bar. Overwhelming dark, burgundy, white and different yellowish shades enrich the shading appearance with certain aristocraticism, which is then deliberately bolstered by different components of video structure, for example, style of inside, lighting and outfits. Additionally, the symbolism contains adjusted reiteration of commanding hues and shades, which makes the video resemble an entire and consistent piece and makes solidarity. Likewise, a structure rule utilized in the video configuration is restriction, as inverse visual ideas are drawn together here (Bartel, 2012). A secretive white-hidden lady, which appears to represent immaculateness, is against a fatigued whore wearing dark; also, the resistance of pastors and whores, for example heathens, captures one’s consideration. Furthermore, a huge picture utilized in the video is the impersonation of a Renaissance painting, which is for all intents and purposes â€Å"imbedded† in the completion of the video, yet, with a touch of ridiculing. The visual symbolism utilized in ‘The Next Day’ clearly serves to convey a fairly significant yet brave message †alongside the verses of the tune, it serves to communicate Bowie’s radical analysis of Catholic church and its debasement. Clear and shrouded strict images just as activities of the including on-screen characters delineate the most unsavory sides of pastorate and church

College Application Essay Help - Tips for Writing a College Application Essay

College Application Essay Help - Tips for Writing a College Application EssayMany students seek help with their college application essays. They are anxious about the reading and writing process, especially for the final document. Thankfully, there are simple tips you can follow to ensure you get an essay that is just as good as if not better than your high school essays.The first common college essay help tip is to avoid repeating information from the high school yearbook. You will find a lot of students who keep the information from high school in their application essays and then add some college-specific details in order to improve their application. If you need help with your college application essays, this is a mistake you need to avoid.The second tip for helping yourself with college application essays is to make sure that you use the same template in the essays that you have used in the other parts of your college applications. Use the same wordings when writing your essays and keep the same formatting for the essays. This will help prevent a lot of frustration that a lot of people go through when they write or read the essays for the first time.One way to get yourself ready for college application essays is to learn a little bit about how to research. Researching can be difficult at times and you will have to do some research before you can even begin to prepare for the college essay. But a little bit of research can save you a lot of frustration down the road.A third helpful tip for college application essays is to keep the topic of your essay's simple. You want to avoid having your essay contain too many difficult words or lengthy sentences. Keep it brief and to the point so that it will be easier for you to summarize what you are saying to college admissions officers when they ask for a response.Last but not least, one of the best tips for college application essays is to include a letter of recommendation at the end of your college application. Th ere are people who have a hard time writing a letter because they feel they don't know anyone who has ever attended the college that they are applying to. It's good to include a letter of recommendation because this is a way for the college to know if someone knows somebody who might be able to help you with your college admissions process.It's really a good idea to keep all of these tips in mind when you are trying to prepare for student application essays. These tips can save you a lot of frustration that can occur when you are attempting to write a college application essay. Also, keeping the information you have already learned can allow you to create the best essay possible.College application essays are difficult enough without having to learn a few mistakes from the beginning. You don't want to make them any harder than they already are by making them more difficult. Doing your homework now is the best way to avoid making errors that will cost you the chance to get into a goo d college.

Technology and the Media Essay - 1778 Words

Technology and the Media In this essay, British historian and broadcaster Asa Briggs looks at how technological advances made in recent decades have created a revolution in the media, allowing people to communicate in ways they had never dreamed of. Briggs notes that although these new modes of communication—including the television, the personal computer, the Internet, and other digital technologies—are available throughout many parts of the world, these media may be used in different ways depending upon the prevailing political and social circumstances. Briggs also raises questions about the future of the media and how the unfolding media revolution will affect people’s lives. Technology and the Media The sense that the world is†¦show more content†¦It was within the computer age that the term â€Å"information society† acquired wide currency to describe the context within which we now live. Advanced countries, it was claimed, were evolving from an industrial to an information society. The term â€Å"industrial revolution† had been used before the term â€Å"communications revolution,† and now these two â€Å"revolutions† were compared. They had each influenced both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but in each case there had been controversies about their economic, political, social, and cultural implications. â€Å"Benefits† were weighed against â€Å"harmful† outcomes. Generalizations proved difficult. The press and the journalists who wrote for it had always had their critics. Television was attacked more comprehensively for â€Å"consuming much [time and] energy† while ignoring â€Å"the fundamentals of life.† Not everyone agreed—or agrees—about the â€Å"causes† of the communications revolution. Were there single causes of particular episodes in it? The words â€Å"cause† and â€Å"effect,† which have been applied to each technological change in turn, from the steam engine to the computer, are quite inadequate. It has never been possible to isolate each single effect, big or small. Technology by itself does not explain. The same technology was used in quite different ways in different political and social contexts.Show MoreRelatedTechnology And Social Media And Technology Essay2403 Words   |  10 PagesSocial media and technology usage have dramatically increased in the last few years. In 2012, there were â€Å"1.4 billion users and this number was projected to climb around 2.13 billion users in 2016 (â€Å"Number of social network users worldwide from 2010 to 2018†). The use of technology have been increasing because the world is in the era wh ere science and socially is advancing. People, especially teenagers, are craving for newer and better technology like smartphones, laptops, but is craving for technologyRead MoreThe Importance Of Media Technology1017 Words   |  5 PagesI have always been near media technology ever since I was little. My mother would play me music from her media player, but she didn’t even know to download music on it, so my sister had to help her. I used to watch a lot of tv when I was younger because it was relaxing to me, I still do it now to help me with my school work especially when I watch the animal planet channel or geographic channel. My mother and sister would let me use their phones or computers. Now, I can help them do anything personRead MoreMedia and Technology Representation1236 Words   |  5 Pagesquiet and far from the noises of the outside world. With only one bridge that connects the place to the outside world, the whole village was very much ancient and considered as very rudimentary. Because it was offset from the outside world, media and technology was slow and almost non-effective. Television reception was very weak and signal was very poor. The movie had started with young children seeking for a broadcast signal because the town folks have already settled to watch the night shows. HoweverRead MoreMedia As A Technology Of Communication1054 Words   |  5 PagesThe piece of media I will be analyzing is the US version of a TV show called The Office. In order to prove that this is a piece of media, we need to first define what media actually is. In class, we defined media as a technology of communication. Our book defines media as the process of communicating a message from a sender to a receiver (Croteau Hoynes, 2014). The Office falls under this description. NBC is the sender, The Office is the message, and the viewers of the show are the receivers. 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The intent of this analysis is to evaluate the use of two social networking technologies that the university can use to accelerate and accentuate their learning objects. The strengthsRead MoreDigital Technology And Social Media Essay1707 Words   |  7 PagesMore recently than in years past, digital technology and social media have grown to become a part of our everyday lives. The recent rise in those who own smartphones allows this everyday use of digital technology and social networking to be easier than ever before. At any time and any place, we have the ability to â€Å"socialize† with nearly anyone—even celebrities who have no idea most of us even exist. The continuous consumption of digital media has alt ered once personal face-to-face communicationRead MoreDigital Technology And Social Media1086 Words   |  5 PagesDigital technology and social media have been revolutionizing the world, as where the world has become a smaller and a faster place. â€Å"Digital describes electronic technology that generates, stores, and processes data† (Websters). Social Media â€Å"is forms of electronic communication (as Web sites for social networking) through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content (as videos)† (Websters). With the growth of new technologies, communicationRead MoreSocial Media And Mobile Technology1515 Words   |  7 Pagestrends: one is the rapid development of information and communication technologies (ICTs); the other is the aging of the population, mainly in the western society.† Social media and mobile technology thus play a central role as a modern communication tool among several internet user groups with different purposes. In particular, the elderly users over 60-75 years old of age or ‘older baby boomers’, who frequently use a social media, are on the rise in most developed countries (Nikou, 2015, 294). InRead MoreUse Of Technology And Social Media1062 Words   |  5 PagesThe use of technology and social media makes our life a lot easier. Social media and technology play a huge role in our everyday life and friendship. In today’s world, people, mostly teenagers use social media and technology every day to communicate and interact with others. 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How Camping Can Be A Responsible Camper While You Enjoy...

Camping is a fun, low cost way to enjoy the summer with family and friends. Here are a few tips that will help you be a responsible camper while you enjoy the wild. 1. For bug repellent try citronella candles and Avon Skin So Soft instead of toxic chemical insect repellents. 2. Wear long sleeves and long pants at dawn and dusk when insects are most active. 3. Stay on trails to protect habitat and avoid snake encounters. Snakes sense vibrations, so walking with a buddy or a group is not only wise, it will announce your presence to snakes who just want to avoid encountering YOU! 4. Invest in a good sleeping pad, or at the least, put an exercise mat under your sleeping bag. 5. Block ice lasts longer than bagged ice. Make your own at home by filling milk jugs or water bottles. The less you open the cooler, the longer the ice will last. 6. Never hang lanterns on trees because the heat can cause serious harm. 7. Pack a small plastic bucket for dish washing and never use the bathhouse sink for this task. 8. Hungry critters can be very clever and destructive. Keep food locked in vehicles or tied up in trees. 9. Freeze chili, soups and stews in zip lock bags, then heat them after they thaw. The frozen bags help keep ice from melting in the cooler. Rice and pasta can also be cooked ahead of time and reheated on a camp stove. 10. Pita pockets keep their shape better than loaf bread. 11. Disposable water bottles make great dispensers for salad dressings and sauces. 12.Show MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Wildfires And Its Effects On The Environment2061 Words   |  9 Pagesfires not only affect the land and the wildlife, it puts the lives of other camper s, in jeopardy as well. Especially since with wild or forest fires, there is no way of telling how fast, or what location the fire will spread to. That is just on top of the issue, that most of these locations are remote, which can limit the options that emergency service personal (such as firefighters) have to use to fight them. These fires can be started in many ways, such as unattended or out of control camp firesRead MoreWhat Measure Can Be Taken For Lessen Man Made Forest Fires?2497 Words   |  10 Pages20 2016 What is at Stake? Rough Draft Research question: What measure can be taken to lessen man-made forest fires? Introduction: Forest fires have been an issue that has plagued Arizona for quite some time now. Although it is not a problem we often hear spoken about, it stills need to addressed. Most of the wildfires that occur are man-made, caused by the careless actions of people. The public needs to be informed on how to prevent/lessen forest fires in order to start winning this endless battleRead MoreFor Against by L.G. Alexander31987 Words   |  128 Pages34 36 38 40 3 Television is doing irreparable harm 4 Any form of education other than co-education is simply unthinkable 5 Camping is the ideal way of spending a holiday 6 New fashions in clothing are created solely for the commercial exploitation of women 7 We should all grow fat and be happy 8 The younger generation knows best 9 Only strieter traffic laws can prevent accidents 10 Parents are too permissive with their children nowadays II 12 Advertisers perform a useful service

Personal Statement For A Business Essay - 874 Words

Before I dive into the topic of this post, I’d like to give you a little more background on myself and my journey thus far. As I noted in the last post, my first â€Å"business† was a pressure washing service. After the jobs dried up 4-5 months into it I regrouped and refocused. I started working as a contract employee at a local hobby shop, buying and selling collectable trading cards while managing the shops collection. This was a wonderful opportunity for me, as the shop’s owner took on an informal position as a mentor. A short while after I started this endeavor I diversified in the field by building my personal collection, focusing on very specific card types and eventually starting a exploratory business building complete sets and selling them on ebay. While both of these ventures allowed me to learn a great deal about the habits and patterns necessary to promote business growth, they were both incredibly informal and relatively small scale. I’m currently purchasing pallets of overstock and store returns and re-selling the items with my father, however this business niche has become a bit flooded. Consequently, I’m currently working on what direction I plan on heading over the next couple years. I’ve got a product prototype I d like to produce and promote, however this will require a substantial amount of start-up capital. At the moment, I’m unsure if I should be devoting my time and energy into building the reselling business so I can milk it for all it’s worthShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement Of A Business993 Words   |  4 Pages It s critical for business owners and accountants see how to peruse and translate balance sheets. These records offer a snappy perspective of a business financial standing. Without this depiction, business owners and accountants may settle on choices that have negative repercussions on their organizations financial standing. A balance sheet is one of a few noteworthy financial statements you can use to track spending and profit. Also called a statement of financial position, a balance sheetRead MorePersonal Statement : Personal Business Plan1532 Words   |  7 PagesPERSONAL BUSINESS PLAN Personal Mission Statement: As a graduate student in Electrical Engineering and having a business background in my family, becoming an entrepreneur and starting a new venture has always been my ultimate dream. Becoming an entrepreneur requires resilience, self-reliance, focus and vision, ability to handle pressure during the lows, positive approach towards every idea. As an entrepreneur, I have the ability to withstand every stone thrown at me and I can convert them intoRead MorePersonal Statement : My Personal Business1196 Words   |  5 PagesHaving my personal business is not only a particular aim but also a profession goal that I wish I can one day accomplish through my struggle and perception. Achievement of this course has motivated me numerous of the features that follow with managing your business, and presently seem as though I have a higher belief in the significance of an accomplished Human Resource office. The policies, practices, and systems that associate with my private business system will eve ntually ascertain the behaviorRead MoreA Personal Statement On Business Management860 Words   |  4 PagesBusiness owners run this world, besides older people. Entrepreneur have responsibilities like no other job in the american nation. They employ everybody no matter the field. â€Å"Owning a vision† is the motivation that runs an organization to its highest point in power, or to the dirty ground (5). If you have the power to vision, use the same power to create that vision. â€Å"Providing the proper resources and build a culture† is another primary responsibility of an entrepreneur and is key (5). ChoosingRead MoreA Personal Statement On Business Management860 Words   |  4 PagesBusiness owners run this world, besides senior people. Entrepreneur has responsibilities like no other job in the American nation. They employ everybody, no matter the field. â€Å"Owning a vision† is the motivation that runs an organization to its highest point in power, or to t he dirty ground (5). If you have the power to vision, use the same power to create that vision. â€Å"Providing the proper resources and build a culture† is another primary responsibility of an entrepreneur and is key (5). ChoosingRead MorePersonal Statement : Business Management848 Words   |  4 Pages There are many careers out there, but my chosen career is business management. I have always wanted to own my own business since I was a child. Owning a restaurant has always been a dream and a passion that I wish to accomplish. 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Sustainable Business Planning And Strategy of CSL Company - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Sustainable Business Planning And Strategy of CSL Company. Answer: Introduction The report gives emphasis on CSL Company and it tells about the planning process and value chain strategies that should be taken into consideration for attaining goodwill in the market. It explains that how the global biotechnology company maintains sustainable human resource department in the organization. The importance is given to thehuman resource management and leadership that enhance the efficiency and productivity of the employees working in the organization. CSL was established in 1916 and gives focus on increasing the profits and revenues in the global biotechnology company that takes into consideration many products and also tries to enhance the growth in the market. The company produces effective products by which people reduce serious diseases. The company focuses on the product that consists of blood plasma derivatives, vaccines and also laboratory products. Background The CEO of the company is Mr.Paul.Perrault. The operations of the organization are maintained in an effective manner under the supervision of the CEO. It is evaluated that the company gives emphasis on giving quality products to the consumers and also tries to maintain sustainability. The company also gives emphasis on the environmental importance by preserving natural resources, oil, water at low cost. The activities of the organization are directly affected by legal factors, political and economic factors (Collu et al, 2012). Planning and Strategy Planning is considered as an important aspect of every organization. The company considers rules and values in conducting the operations of the organization. The patient's safety and health are considered by the company and the main focus is given on providing good quality of products so that they can recover easily in an effective manner. These are the points that give direct reflection on the values and vision of the company. High level of performance: the main emphasis is given to attain the better outcomes so that the goals and objectives can be attained in an effective manner. The performance level of the staff and the manager is enhanced so that the effective values and standards can be attained globally (Choi and Yu, 2014). The benefit to Customers: The Company gives emphasis on giving quality products so that they can recover easily. There are many therapies that are given to the patients so that they can recover easily. The company is giving focus on enhancing the lives of people and also to safeguard the health of the people. The company uses effective strategies so that the production process can be conducted in a proper manner. CSL is manufacturing innovative products so that the long-term benefits can be attained. The firm offers various types of product to the patient that enhances the safety of the patients. Effective marketing strategies are also taken into consideration that helps the organization to survive in the competitive environment (Marchington, Wilkinson, Donnelly and Kynighou, 2016). Human resource management Human resource managementis considered as an important aspect of every organization. It is evaluated that without employees, no organization can conduct the day to day operations of the organization. CSL also preserves a sustainable human resourcemanagement so that the company can easily accomplish the goals and objectives. The company appoints those candidates who have the knowledge to solve the issues related to health. The company offers training and development to the employees so that they can give their best towards the work (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). The right candidates are appointed for conducting the activities of the organization. The responsibility of the employees is to enhance the image and also the profitability of the organization. It is very important that the payment should be according to the skills and qualification of the employees. If the employee is dissatisfied with the salary, then it can be evaluated that they will not give their best towards the work. CSL considers the strategy of an effective communication system that gives direct impact on the productivity level. It is the responsibility of the managers to maintain effective communication in the organization so that the employees feel satisfied with the job (Beardwell and Thompson, 2014). HRM plays a significant role in accomplishing the goals and objectives of the organization. HRM is considered as the main part of CSL. Leadership Leadership helps the organization to manage sustainable practices and policies in a proper manner. The activities and plans of the organization help to motivate employees and also to survive in the competitive market. If the company adopts effective leadership, then it is analyzed that the right direction is given to the employees who are working in the organization (Northouse, 2015). Leadership is a technique that is used by the company to motivate the employees to work efficiently towards the work. Leaders consider various leadership styles to encourage employees to work in the organization (Clarke et al, 2012). The leadership styles are Transformational, team leadership and strategic leadership style. The company adopts Democratic leadership style. Through democratic leadership style, the managers of the organization assist the employees, so that the correct decisions can be taken. All the employees give focus on maintaining trust, faith and to enhance the goodwill of the company. Leadership directs the employees of the organization to work in a right direction so that the activities can be conducted in an effective manner (Fairhurst and Connaughton, 2014). Monitoring the value chain and technology Value chain and technologies play a significant role in attaining the success and growth. It is essential that the products should be available to the consumers on time. So, the company gives focus on updating the value chain and also to enhance the products and services in the market. For producing the product, it is important that the company should consider the updated technology so that the products can be supplied to the consumers on time (Gilding and Pickering, 2011). Future strategies and recommendations To maintain sustainability in the environment the following points are taken into consideration: Promotional Strategy: To expand the market, the company considers effective promotional techniques to survive in the competitive environment. By giving advertisements the customers can be attracted towards the product. Pricing strategy: The Company offers products of reasonable price so that the long-term goals and objectives can be fulfilled. The prices are set by the organization by considering the level of competition in the market (CSL, 2017). It is analyzed that the company should give emphasis on enhancing the marketing strategies so that the sales and revenue can be increased of the company. The promotional technique is also considered as an important method that helps to increase the sale and revenue of the company. It is also analyzed that the company considers the natural resources in manufacturing the products. Conclusion By evaluating the above information, it is concluded that CSL offers various biotechnology products in the market. Also, the company is giving emphasis on maintaining sustainability in the organization. There are various strategies taken into consideration by the company so that the success can be attained. Organization enhances the level of motivation of the employees so that they can give their best towards the work. CSL also considers effective leadership styles that help to assist and give directions to the employees who are working in the organization. The leader gives focus on the employees so that the activities can be conducted in a proper manner. By considering effective strategies the company has attained success and also covered a large area globally. The value chain of the organization is also controlled in a proper manner that assists the organization to enhance the growth in the market. By using innovative technologies the company enhanced the productivity and also the growth in the market. References Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Beardwell, J. and Thompson, A., 2014.Human resource management: a contemporary approach. Pearson Education. Choi, Y. and Yu, Y., 2014. The influence of perceived corporate sustainability practices on employees and organizational performance. Sustainability, 6(1), pp.348-364. Clarke, T., Nielsen, B.B., Nielsen, S., Klettner, A.L. and Boersma, M., 2012.Australian Census of Women in Leadership. Australian Government EOWA. Collu, G.M., Hidalgo-Sastre, A., Acar, A., Bayston, L., Gildea, C., Leverentz, M.K., Mills, C.G., Owens, T.W., Meurette, O., Dorey, K. and Brennan, K., 2012. Dishevelled limits Notch signalling through inhibition of CSL.Development,139(23), pp.4405-4415. CSL, 2017, CSL Behring Acquires Biotech Company Calimmune and its Proprietary Stem Cell Gene Therapy Platform, retrieved from https://www.csl.com.au/investors/CSL-Behring-Acquires-Biotech-Company-Calimmune-and-its-Proprietary-Stem-Cell-Gene-Therapy-Platform. Fairhurst, G.T. and Connaughton, S.L., 2014. Leadership: A communicative perspective.Leadership,10(1), pp.7-35. Gilding, M. and Pickering, J., 2011. May Contain Traces of Biotech:(Re) defining the Biotechnology Field in Australia. InProceedings of Australian Sociological Association Conference(p. 1). Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A., Donnelly, R. and Kynighou, A., 2016.Human resource management at work. Kogan Page Publishers. Northouse, P.G., 2015.Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications.

Slavery In Texas Essays - Slavery, Crimes Against Humanity, Labor

Slavery In Texas AN EMPIRE FOR SLAVERY In the book, An Empire for Slavery, Randolph B. Clark describes the way in which Texas slaves coped with life under oppressive circumstances. Some of the topics discussed in the book include how slaves approached daily chores and provided for their material and physical condition. Also, it is demonstrated how slaves tended to their psychological and spiritual well being and how they displayed their feelings towards this Peculiar Institution. Some slaves in Texas approached responsibility for work in such a manner that they were given a great deal of leeway for their own daily job assignments and were even given supervisory positions over other slaves. Some bondsman, working as managers, tended to plantations and farms in the absence of the owners. This practice is quite remarkable when we sometimes visualize a slave as a blackman with a chain and heavy ball attached to one foot. The conception of manager slaves apparently was propagated in such an encompassing manner that some proponents of slavery found it to be very disconcerting. Some slave owners felt too much liberty was being given to the interned hoard. In 1858, state senator Henry E. McCulloch introduced a bill to outlaw the practice. The bill passed, but had little effect because it had little support in the white community. Some blacks, if not managers, were more in the order of middle managers known as drivers. Drivers were specialty supervisors who oversaw operations related to chopping cotton (cultivating), plowing, planting and harvesting. As slavery progressed many slaves graduated to other jobs that required a different degree of responsibility, such as carpenters, blacksmiths, personal valets, and housekeepers and the like. So it would appear bondsmen were perfectly capable of accomplishing any task given to them by their tormentors. Material conditions and physical treatment of slaves can be broken down into five main categories: food, housing, clothing, health and physical punishment. As would be expected, rural farm life provided food in quantity as well as variety. Domestic farm animals such as cattle, pigs, and chickens provided the main course. Gardens and row crop fields provided a variety of produce such as beans, peas, sweet potatoes, okra, corn and the like. Corn could be ground into meal for cornbread. In addition to farm raised meat and vegetables, nature itself contributed to the larder in the form of whitetail deer, bear, rabbit, squirrel, coon, opossums, quail, dove, turtles, and fish. Wild nuts and berries could be gathered at certain times of the year. Slave women would prepare the meals in addition to their normal chores and no doubt created what would later be known as that delicious soul food.Yummy. In summary, slaves appear to have had food that was in both good in quality, quantity and variety to provide for what amounted to one of the best parts of their lives. Housing on the other hand was a dismal proposition at best. While food roamed around on the hoof, building materials were hard to come by. In the 1830's there was no infrastructure in Texas, few settlements, no interstate highway systems, nowhere, within a reasonable distance was facilities to purchase even the most basic needs such as tools, nails, and lumber. As a consequence of remoteness, slave owners and bondsmen apparently made do with what the land provided. Cabins were built out of material that was indigenous to the region. Log cabins were built and gaps between the logs were chinked with straw and mud. Since there were no sawmills, no flooring was used. There were no glass windows or screens. Latrine facilities may have been the nearest bush. Housing then, would have been wholly inadequate perhaps improving as time traveled on. Indoor plumbing, cold water heaters, central air conditioning and heating were right out. Clothing, as with other aspects of slave life, was very basic indeed. Each male slave was supplied with two sets of clothes; shirt and pants made of cotton or wool. A hat and a pair of brogan shoes would complete the ensemble. No underwear or socks were supplied. Women were supplied with dresses of like material. Black seamstresses, using crude equipment made clothing. It would have been very difficult for slaves to laundry clothes, so not only were

Geography of the United States of America

Geography of the United States of America The United States of America is the third largest country in the world based on population and land area. The United States also has the worlds largest economy and is one of the most influential nations in the world. Fast Facts: U.S. Geography Population:  325,467,306 (2017  estimate)Capital:  Washington D.C.Area:  3,794,100 square miles (9,826,675 sq km)Bordering Countries:  Canada  and  MexicoCoastline:  12,380 miles (19,924 km)Highest Point:  Denali  (also called Mount McKinley) at 20,335 feet (6,198 m)Lowest Point:  Death Valley  at -282 feet (-86 m) Independence and Modern History of the United States The original 13 colonies of the United States were formed in 1732. Each of these had local governments and their populations grew quickly throughout the mid-1700s. However, during this time tensions between the American colonies and the British government began to arise as the American colonists were subject to British taxation but had no representation in the British Parliament. These tensions eventually led to the American Revolution which was fought from 1775-1781. On July 4, 1776, the colonies adopted the Declaration of Independence and following the American victory over the British in the war, the U.S. was recognized as independent of England. In 1788, the U.S. Constitution was adopted and in 1789, the first president, George Washington, took office. Following its independence, the U.S. grew rapidly and the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 nearly doubled the nations size. The early to mid-1800s also saw growth on the west coast as the California Gold Rush of 1848-1849 spurred western migration and the Oregon Treaty of 1846 gave the U.S. control of the Pacific Northwest. Despite its growth, the U.S. also had severe racial tensions in the mid-1800s as African slaves were used as laborers in some states. Tensions between the slave states and non-slave states led to the Civil War and eleven states declared their secession from the union and formed the Confederate States of America in 1860. The Civil War lasted from 1861-1865 when the Confederate States were defeated. Following the Civil War, racial tensions remained through the 20th century. Throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the U.S. continued to grow and remained neutral at the beginning of World War I in 1914. It later joined the Allies in 1917. The 1920s were a time of economic growth in the U.S. and the country began to grow into a world power. In 1929, however, the Great Depression began and the economy suffered until World War II. The U.S. also remained neutral during this war until Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941, at which time the U.S. joined the Allies. Following WWII, the U.S. economy again began to improve. The Cold War followed shortly thereafter as did the Korean War from 1950-1953 and the Vietnam War from 1964-1975. Following these wars, the U.S. economy, for the most part, grew industrially and the nation became a world superpower concerned with its domestic affairs because public support waivered during previous wars. On September 11, 2001, the U.S. was subject to terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City and the Pentagon in Washington D.C., which led to the government pursuing a policy of reworking world governments, particularly those in the Middle East. Government of the United States The U.S. government is a representative democracy with two legislative bodies. These bodies are the Senate and House of Representatives. The Senate consists of 100 seats with two representatives from each of the 50 states. The House of Representatives consists of 435 seats and are elected by the people from the 50 states. The executive branch consists of the President who is also the head of government and chief of state. The U.S. also has a judicial branch of government that is made up of the Supreme Court, the U.S. Court of Appeals, U.S. District Courts and State and County Courts. The U.S. is comprised of 50 states and one district (Washington D.C.). Economics and Land Use in the United States The U.S. has the largest and most technologically advanced economy in the world. It mainly consists of the industrial and service sectors. The main industries include petroleum, steel, motor vehicles, aerospace, telecommunications, chemicals, electronics, food processing, consumer goods, lumber, and mining. Agricultural production, though only a small part of the economy, includes wheat, corn, other grains, fruits, vegetables, cotton, beef, pork, poultry, dairy products, fish and forest products. Geography and Climate of the United States The U.S. borders both the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans and is bordered by Canada and Mexico. It is the third largest country in the world by area and has a varied topography. The eastern regions consist of hills and low mountains while the central interior is a vast plain (called the Great Plains region) and the west has high rugged mountain ranges (some of which are volcanic in the Pacific Northwest). Alaska also features rugged mountains as well as river valleys. Hawaiis landscape varies but is dominated by volcanic topography. Like its topography, the climate of the U.S. also varies depending on location. It is considered mostly temperate but is tropical in Hawaii and Florida, arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the plains west of the Mississippi River and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest. References Central Intelligence Agency. (2010, March 4). CIA - the World Factbook - United States. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.htmlInfoplease. (n.d.). United States: History, Geography, Government, Culture - Infoplease.com. Retrieved from infoplease.com/ipa/A0108121.html

International business and communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International business and communication - Essay Example This paper is a study of national cultures with particular reference to the work habits and practices that exist in Germany and Spain. It will specifically look at the Martinez Construction & Konstruction Drezehn case study in the process and analyze how differences in national culture had resulted in the particular situation that came about there. The term national culture denotes the shared values, beliefs and practices that are common to the people belonging to a particular country or region. Often a subject in anthropological and social studies, many definitions and view points about culture and national culture have evolved through the ages. â€Å"The term culture has various meanings, all derived from Latin meaning â€Å"which is cultivation of the soil.† (Jais, 27). Due to increasing diversity in the workplace, the concept of national culture has now become a part of business studies as well. A review of literature on the subject leads almost universally to the studies done by Professor Geert Hofstede on his studies on national identity in the workplace. Before going into detail on the cultural dimensions as conceived by Hofstede and other theorists, it would be pertinent to look at the factors responsible for the evolving of a work culture. â€Å"Culture is a metaphor which can be used to explore the identity of a business. It is about how others see the business, but also how the individuals who work there understand it. Culture offers us a powerful insight into the business and what it is like to work within it.† (An Introduction to Business Cultures). It should be noted that these factors are apart from those that have influenced individual culture through family and social interactions. The influence of leadership and vision that exists within a particular organization will be a dominant factor that helps a particular culture to evolve. The company tradition (depends on how long the

Challenging Homeostatic Interpersonal Process Essay

Challenging Homeostatic Interpersonal Process - Essay Example Another key issue is the increasing economic challenges in today's society. According to Shulman (1996) there should be realization that economic pressures have highlighted the need for individual and support groups to provide emotional and psychological support for those that are most challenged. Coupled with globalization, people are not only having to deal with the social changes but also have to deal with the accelerated pace of these developments. Gitterman and Shulman (2005) that this issue had served to highlight competencies and deficiencies of sectors in the society that calls for a review of previous standards and approaches for social services. This opinion was also given by Blank (2002) and has prompted him to call for the evaluation of perspectives in welfare and social care not only as a service but also with regard to the factors that drive needs. The reaction has been not just in health and social service reforms but also in the involvement of the community. In the UK, in an effort to improve channels of services, the government has established community based programs to deliver or provide for social services (Lalor et al, 2005). ... As the demand for social services increase, so will the cost of providing and accessing social services increase: a development that has limited access to social and health services particularly in less affluent communities and further aggravates disparities in socio-economics levels. Thus, service partnerships and collaborating between the sectors of education, social and health services have increased in significance. The efforts also are an indication of greater awareness in the community regarding the urgency of social issues particularly those that affect children and the marginalized. The School Social Work and Attendance Department The School Social Work and Attendance Department in the Broward County School is a local effort that is committed to positively impacting student achievement by addressing and removing barriers to learning (SSWAD, 2007a). The programs include the assignment of social workers to each school, abuse and truancy interventions, counseling, health education, psychological services and programs for exceptional students. SSWAD wants to accomplish its objectives by ensuring that all students have access to the wide array of services provided the department assigns a school social worker assigned to every school. The initiative echoes Broward County School's campaign of "transforming education one student at a time" (Broward County Public Schools [BCPS], 2007) The school social worker intervenes as part of the schools' Collaborative Problem-Solving Team, the Crisis Team, and additionally, provides training and teachers' consultation regarding child abuse, homelessness, teenage pregnancy, mental health concerns, dependency, and

Speech on Everyone Is Human Being Essay Example for Free

Speech on Everyone Is Human Being Essay Sir,Madam.. I am here to present the speech which is about â€Å"Every One is a Human Beign†. My story begins like this. A mother gives a birth to a living creature and We called it as â€Å"An infant†. You, Me and We all were borned because of a mother. When we were in our infantry age, We didn’t know so much things. There had very few things with us. We knew how to smile, how to cry and how to get loved. After becoming older.. Humans learn lot of things. They learn science, Maths, Religion and Languages.. But they forget the initial facts which had with them in born.. They try to cover their real smile, they try to show fake smile, fake feelings and they are running like rats for searching money. They don’t care each others. They don’t like to thing we all are human beigns and they haven’t time too to think so. Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. They are human just like you and me. They have emotions just like you and me. sadness, happiness, loneliness put it this way, whatever you are feeling everyone in the world can and will feel. so instead of putting them in your mind as better than me put in your mind your as good as they are. We all want to live by each other’s happiness, not by each other’s misery. We don’t want to hate and despise one another. In this world there is room for everyone and the earth is rich and can provide for everyone.The way of life can be free and beautiful.But we have lost the way. Reality is what you believe in. There is no such thing as a fish as fals e reality! So if you put in your mind that everyone else is human, all lonely individuals looking for other people to meet. well then that is exactly what they are.

Biography of Miguel de Cervantes :: essays research papers

Miguel de Cervantes was a famous novelist in Spain in the sixteenth century during the Renaissance. Cervantes lived in Spain during the Golden Age which helped him become a recognized writer. He was very talented, and he showed his talents through the interesting and wonderful novels he wrote. The most famous novel he wrote was called Don Quixote. Cervantes had a very exhausting and enthusiastic life, full of excitement and success. Miguel de Cervantes has great histories which lead him to write his wonderful novels and plays, and these have been very influential during the Renaissance and today’s writers. Cervantes was born on September 29, 1547 in a town near Madrid called Alcala de Henares, Spain. He was the fourth son of seven children. His father was a surgeon and his mother died when he was young. Since his father was a medical doctor his family had to travel to many towns in Spain. During his youth and adolescence he was taught by Jesuits. Not much about his education is known but when he was about twenty-one years old in 1568, he went to Madrid where Juan Lopez de Hoyos, a Jesuit, was his tutor. Cervantes did not attend to university, but he read broadly, this greatly influenced his writings. In about 1568 to 1570 he moved to Naples, Italy. In Naples, he joined the Spanish Army because he had a very big interest in the military. In 1571, he participated in the naval battle of Lepanto, located in the Gulf of Lepanto. The war was between the Spanish and the Turks, since the relationship between the Mediterranean countries and the Ottoman Empire was tense. During this battle Cervantes was wounded in his chest and on his left hand. He lost the use of his left hand and therefore, he gained the nickname of ‘‘Manco de Lepanto’’, meaning Maimed of Lepanto. Nevertheless Cervantes remained in the military although he was wounded because he was very dedicated to it. Then he fought in northern Africa and the Mediterranean lands. When Miguel de Cervantes and his brother Rodrigo Cervantes where sailing back to Spain in 1575, their ship was captured by pirates. Bradbury pirates made them prisoners and took them to Algiers as slaves. Cervantes had to remain a prisoner for five years even though he tried to escape a variety of occasions. He had to wait until his family and his religious order released him from prison having to earn money.

Cognitive Effects of Early Bilingualism Essay

The American educational system has fallen behind other leading nations in the world in many respects, one of which is in bilingual instruction. This has traditionally been overlooked in the United States until the high school level. Children in today’s society should be made more prepared for the growing globalism and technological advances throughout the world instead of losing educational opportunities due to economic downfall and lack of resources. This includes a second language acquisition introduced earlier in the program. On top of political reasons, the positive effects to the cognitive development of the brain when introduced to a second language are many. The age of acquisition is crucial due to the plasticity of the brain which, according to the critical period hypothesis, begins to plateau after five years of age. The current policy in early education limits greatly the amount of extracurricular lessons provided in accordance with government policies such as No Ch ild Left Behind, which restricts school funding based on standardized testing only in certain subject areas. School programs, realistically beginning in elementary education, should include foreign language study due to the strong evidence that bilingualism in children can develop higher cognitive abilities which can be enhanced with proficiency and positively influence skills in other areas. Old arguments suggest that, â€Å"children who are instructed bilingually from an early age will suffer cognitive or intellectual retardation in comparison with their monolingually instructed counterparts† (Diaz 24). Much of the research from the past supporting this argument focused on older bilinguals, mostly adults who may have shown competent abilities in a second language but who had much later ages of acquisition and who usually acquired the second language outside of the home. Many early studies in this field worked with children of immigrants who showed lower abilities in cognitive tasks most likely because of the lack of proficiency in the second language (L2) and lack of proper schooli ng in relation to this deficiency (Kovà ¡cs 307). In correlation with poorly chosen test subjects, the studies were typically done with orthographic representations of words that would have been more difficult for younger test subjects to work with. For example, a study done by Ton Dijkstra, Professor of Psycholinguistics and Multilingualism at the Donders Institute, which focused only on adult English/Dutch bilinguals–the youngest being fifteen years old, all of whom studied their L2 in a middle or high school level. This study included only written examples of words and had the subjects determine if the word was English or Dutch. The results were able to somewhat prove Dijkstra’s theory of Bilingual interactive activation (BIA) which underlines the effects orthography has on L1 and L2 word retrieval that is â€Å"assuming, of course, that the same orthography is used in the input† (Dijkstra 217). If this study were done on younger children, it is sure they would not have performed as well since children are typically less familiar with the written language than with the spoken. Older language learners would make more use of the written approach to learning, such as a textbook, while younger learners typica lly learn more from a speech-based approach, like conversationally in the home. The textbook approach is a symbolic processing which differs from the more embedded cognitive retrieval of the speech-based learning approach utilized by younger children to understand the two languages. There have been many studies over the past few years that have proven the opposite of these older arguments. Many of the studies have tested the cognitive abilities of young children, usually aged six and under in accordance with the critical period hypothesis, with both monolingual and bilingual proficiency. These experiments are concerned with cognitive tasks including false-belief tasks and grammar testing to determine the ability to hold abstract thought in the L2 as well as phonemic testing in order to find if there is an ability to distinguish between the phonemes of the different languages. The majority of these studies have tested subjects using visual representations and vocal experiments with proctors who have experience working with children and are trained in both languag es being tested. The more useful subjects are usually taught implicitly, or passively in the home. Although some make use of explicitly taught subjects, meaning they learned actively in a class setting. It has been proven that an infant of four months has the incredible linguistic discrimination abilities to distinguish languages with different prosody and phonemes (Kovà ¡cs 303). An infant is then better equipped to attain more native-like proficiency later in life when exposed this early to the sounds and rhythm of the L2. Doctor in Communication Sciences, Karsten Steinhauer explains, â€Å"that late L2 learners stabilize at some point short of native-like attainment [which] most recently has been discussed in terms of phonological/prosodic interference from L1† (Steinhauer 15). When a young child is introduced to two separate languages, the mechanisms of attention, selection, and inhibition become more fine-tuned due to the experience of attending to one language and ignoring the other (Kovà ¡cs 303, 308). The training in encoding and the association of two correspondi ng words with a common concept underlines the superior representational abilities a bilingual retains especially when the L2 is entrenched in the brain the way early acquisition allows. Linguist à gnes Melinda Kovà ¡cs presents research proving that monolinguals typically attain these abilities at the age of four years while young bilinguals gain these skills much earlier (Kovà ¡cs 316). The brain’s plasticity allows the young child to hold and use the two languages without interference and with continued usage the child will be more likely to attain full native-like proficiency in both languages. Kovà ¡cs also explains that since the brain remains active during demanding tasks, the brain may take on the extra load of two languages as a constructive challenge. The young, malleable brain may possibly â€Å"greatly adapt to [the challenge], for example, by changing its morphology† (Kovà ¡cs 308). A type of adaptation has been proven in studies done by neuroscientist Andrea Mechelli, which were concerned with the grey matter surrounding the left inferior parietal cortex, the general area associated with language use containing the Broca’s are a. These studies confirmed that the grey matter in this area is denser in early-acquired bilinguals. The density decreases in correlation with proficiency in the L2 with monolinguals having the least dense matter (Mechelli 757). This may be the case because a later acquired L2 is held at a more surface level of the brain and requires the use of the declarative memory instead of the procedural memory. Many tests have been done to determine the amount of brain activity associated with language in the left inferior parietal cortex through the use of event-related brain potential, or ERPs. Dr. Steinhauer describes ERPs as â€Å"reflecting the real-time electrophysiological brain dynamics of cognitive processes with an excellent time resolution in the range of milliseconds,† and that ERPs â€Å"have been hypothesized to be linked to rule-based automatic parsing† (Steinhauer 16). Measurements of ERPs are taken while subjects perform syntactically poignant tasks. Since it is thought that syntactic processes are generally automatic or a part of â€Å"implicit grammar processi ng† (Steinhauer 17), the ERP components would be more difficult to elicit in later acquired bilinguals. Steinhauer et al. performed several studies in this area, working with many real and one artificial language labeled BROCANTO 2. In each case, the subjects were given grammaticality judgment tasks in the given language, such as subject-verb agreement violations and lexical anomalies. For each group, the early acquired or implicitly taught subjects educed the same type of ERP responses as native speakers. Late-acquired or explicitly instructed subjects showed more shallow responses, if any at all in this area. These findings show that â€Å"syntactic processes appear to be sensitive to delays in L2 acquisition† (Steinhauer 19). One of the most prominent issues in L2 proficiency is attaining the phonemic boundary between the two languages. Monolinguals are usually unable to distinguish the sounds of a language other than their own. The more proficient a bilingual is in their L2, the more able they are to perceive the two types of phonemes and to determine which is correct in a given phonological circumstance. The phonemic boundary is the least likely area to be fossilized in a late-acquired bilingual. There have been several studies done which have proven this, including a 2008 study done by Adrian Garcia-Sierra, professor of Communications at the University of Texas. In this study, the voice onset time, or VOT, of thirty college students was tested. Half of the students were English monolinguals while the other half were English/Spanish bilinguals who described themselves as fluent speakers of both languages and who learned their L2 at home. This study was done in Austin, Texas where some Spanish is integrated into the daily culture. The results showed that the more fluent bilinguals were more apt to â€Å"a perceptual shift†¦associated with high level of confidence in English and Spanish†¦[and] that highly confident L2 bilinguals are more likely to possess a double phonemic boundary† (Garcia-Sierra 378). This shows that more proficient bilinguals will have a stronger ability to determine different phonemes, which also underlines the effects bilingualism has on a dvanced discrimination and attention skills. Another recent study performed on early bilinguals was done by a group of psychologists headed by Michael Siegal. The experiments tested the pragmatic skills of 41 children in northeastern Italy. All were between the ages of three and six years old, with 19 Italian monolinguals and 22 Italian/Slovenian bilinguals who attended the same preschool taught only in Italian. The children were tested on the Gricean maxims of conversational understanding. These are four basic rules which provide a foundation for pragmatic competence including quality, quantity, relevance, and politeness. The groups of children were shown cartoons with characters having conversations that contained one response created in order to break one of the maxims. The children were then asked which of the characters said something strange or rude and to provide a more appropriate response when the statement was positively identified. The main thesis in this study was that bilingualism requires â€Å"the capacity for flexibility in the representation of language and objects [which] suggests that early bilingualism should be accomp anied by advanced meta-pragmatic skills† (Siegal 115). This theory was upheld by the results of these tests in which the bilingual children outperformed the monolinguals by much more than a chance margin, especially in the maxims of politeness and quality even though many bilinguals had a delayed vocabulary in their L2. The psychologists behind this study suggest that bilingualism can be â€Å"accompanied by an enhanced ability to appreciate effective communicative responses† (Siegal 115). The results of this research seem to highlight the idea that the acquisition of a second language allows a child to remove themselves from the comfortable context of their native language and to realize that it is more necessary to provide useful information and use polite tones for more a successful exchange in both languages. Recently, studies have been performed concerning the effects and importance of early-acquired bilingualism in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. Research in this area shows that it is less likely for a bilingual individual to be affected by these types of diseases. The majority of the hypotheses behind this statistic pertain to the activity in the brain that is needed to think and speak bilingually. This constant activity exercises the brain in a way that is counterintuitive to the deterioration involved with these disorders (Paradis 216). The research behind Parkinson’s disease explains that the procedural memory is affected greatly sometimes causing a loss of the L1. This is partnered with a tendency to â€Å"produce a smaller portion of grammatical sentences†¦and exhibit deficits in comprehension of complex syntactic forms† (Paradis 217). This is likely linked to the deterioration of the left inferior parietal cortex, the same area in the brain discussed earlier, which is associated with syntactic processes and holding the L1. On the other hand, bilingual patients with Alzheimer’s show a loss in t heir L2 as well as in semantic abilities and a gradual loss of pragmatic, phonological, and syntactic structures. More common in this type of dementia is a puzzlingly inappropriate mixture of the two languages (Paradis 222). This is due to the break down of the declarative memory caused by the dementia. The declarative memory is involved with metacognition, which is why it affects such things as the less familiar language, pragmatic skills, and the selective attention abilities of bilinguals. The major finding in these studies is that â€Å"the differences observed in psychotic conditions as well as in dementias are caused by the increased reliance on declarative-memory-based (and hence consciously controlled) explicit metalinguistic knowledge† (Paradis 222). The advances made in early bilingual research have been great over the past few decades. Through these studies and so many more, it has been made clear that bilinguals with early ages of acquisition not only achieve more native-like proficiency but also tend to have more advanced cognitive abilities than their monolingual peers. These include but are not exclusive to increased analytical, representational, selective, and control abilities. Bilingualism also implies more developed metalingustic awareness and mental flexibility. Early bilinguals have also shown greater abilities in pragmatics and phonemic discrimination. In opposition to old arguments, Kovà ¡cs writes, â€Å"The bilingual condition could be stimulating for the highly plastic developing mind of the child, and induces specific changes in the brain and cognitive systems† (Kovà ¡cs 317). The higher development has been seen in ERP testing and in the density of grey matter involved in the linguistically apt area of the brain. Educators and policy makers should consider this information when planning early education programs. Those enriched with the benefits of a bilingual education are not only better off cognitively, but in the modern world, would be more prepared for the global society and workplace. Works Cited Diaz, R â€Å"Thought and Two Languages: The Impact of Bilingualism on Cognitive Development.† Review of Research in Education 10 (1983): 23-54 Dijkstra, Ton. â€Å"Task and Context Effects in Bilingual Lexical Processing.† Cognitive Aspects of Bilingualism (2007): 213-235. Garcia-Sierra, Adrian, Randy L. Diehl, and Craig Champlin. â€Å"Testing the double phonemic boundary in bilinguals.† Speech Communication 51 (2009): 369-378. Kovacs, Agnes Melinda. â€Å"Beyond Language: Childhood Bilingualism Enhances High- level Cognitive Functions.† Cognitive Aspects of Bilingualism (2007): 301-323. Mechelli, A., Crinion, J. T., Noppeney, U., O’Doherty, J., Ashburner, J., Frackowiak, R. S., and Price, C.J. 2004. Structural plasticity in the bilingual brain. Nature. 431: 754. Siegal, Michael, Laura Iozzi, and Luca Surian. â€Å"Bilingualism and conversational understanding in young children.† Cognition 110 (2009): 115-122.

Mass Incarceration Essay - 1929 Words

Nevaeh Stoner 11/20/17 Mass Incarceration Mass incarceration is a term used by historians and sociologists to describe the substantial increase in the number of incarcerated people in the United States prisons over the past forty years. Mass incarceration comparatively and historically have extreme rates of imprisonment among young African Americans. The united states imprisons more of its people than any of its country in the world. It has became a giant industry in the US. Mass incarceration has has been going on for decades amongst blacks and Latinos. People like rapper Meek Mill, and Kalief Browder are just a few that were arrested for petty crimes and sent to solitary confinement and or/sent to prison for petty crimes. The†¦show more content†¦stated the washington post. Mass Incarnation is a huge problem in the United States.† Imagine you are Emma Faye Stewart, a thirty-year-old, single African-American mother of two who was arrested as part of a drug sweep in Hearne, Texas. All but one of those people arrested were African-American. You are innocent. After a week in jail, you have no one to care for your two small children and you are eager to get home. Your court-appointed attorney urges you to plead guilty to a drug distribution charge, saying the prosecutor has offered probation. You refuse, steadfastly proclaiming your innocence. Finally, after almost a month in jail, you decide to plead guilty so you can return home to your children. Unwilling to risk a trial and years of imprisonment, you are sentenced to ten years probation and ordered to pay $1,000 in fines, as well as court and probation costs†. This goes to show that black people are going to jail for crimes that are petty. Instead of our systems locking us up and throwing awa y the key they should teach us. Or maybe community service would of be more humane. Dont just lock people up and throw away the key. Tech people the right from wrong. Everyone deserves a chance. 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